• Germany – Personalausweis

  • France – Carte Nationale d'Identité (CNI)

  • Italy – Carta d'Identità Elettronica (CIE)

  • Spain – Documento Nacional de Identidad (DNI)

  • Estonia – ID-kaart (also used for digital services)

  • Sweden – National ID-kort

  • Poland – Dowód osobisty

  • Portugal – Cartão de Cidadão



  • India – Aadhaar (biometric-based, not compulsory as an ID but widely used)

  • Pakistan – Computerized National Identity Card (CNIC)

  • Iran – Kart-e-Melli

  • Turkey – Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kimlik Kartı

  • Brazil – Carteira de Identidade

  • Argentina – Documento Nacional de Identidad (DNI)

  • Nigeria – National Identity Number (NIN) with National e-ID card

  • South Africa – Smart ID Card

  • China – Resident Identity Card (居民身份证)

  • Japan – My Number Card (個人番号カード)

  • South Korea – Resident Registration Card

  • United States – No national ID card, but Social Security Number (SSN) and State-issued IDs or Driver’s Licenses are used for identity.